1 it·, C I police college The Police Act passed third reading on June 12, 1974: the British Columbia Police Commission came into existence. For the first time in the history of the province, a statute was drafted for the government, by the people most likely to be effected by the legislation: Police departments, police associations, citizens representing social agencies. The Police Commission was established by the Police Act to improve the quality of police service in the province. One of the tasks undertaken was the development of police training. Through this commitment, the British Columbia Police College came into being. British Columbia Police College 1755 West 1st Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia 736-3441 Established 1975 The police officer's role is one of the most difficult in our society. He must deal directly with a range of problems and people that test his patience, ingenuity, character and courage in ways that few of us are ever tested. Koerner Commission, 1968 Attorney-General's Message 3 The quality of police service in British Columbia is ultimately determined by the quality of the people in the various police forces that have undertaken the essential task of administering our law and providing protection to people and property throughout our Province. To facilitate the improvement and standardization of policing in British Columbia, the Police Colleg_e was established and will open its doors to their first recruits this Spring. I am pleased to welcome the new recruits, the instructors and staff of the College, and wish all of you every success in the years ahead. Alex Macdonald, Attorney-General. Contents 4 COLLEGE PHILOSOPHY 5 BRITISH COLUMBIA POLICE COMMIS$.ION 7 COLLEGE ADMINISTRATION AND STAFF 8 COLLEGE FACULTY 9 GENERAL RECRUIT TRAINING PROGRAMME 11 CURRICULUM Police Patrol Tactics and Techniques Patrol and Investigation, Physical Training Drill and Deportment, Firearms, Driver Training, Emergency Care. 13 Legal Studies 17 Traffic Studies 19 Social Sciences Human Relations, Criminal Justice System, Theories of Criminality. 21 FIELD INSTRUCTORS' PROGRAMME 23 ADVANCED TRAINING 25 Investigation Supervisory Training Executive Development Community Programmes GENERAL INFORMATION Printcraft of B.C. Limited, 5283 Imperial Street, Burnaby, B.C. 27 College Philosophy 5 6 The objective of the British Columbia Police College is: to educate, train, and develop peace officers for the Province of British Columbia, competent in skill and understanding, and possessing attitudes consistent with the development' of a professional police service. Social change is moving at an accelerated rate. Urban growth with all its complexities, has affected the quality of policing, along with the quality of life in general. Many police agencies are recognizing that they must now turn their work practises towards realizing those roles that were largely lost as society evolved. Prevention in all of its effective forms, education, and communication with the public about issues related to criminal activities are police roles that require renewed consideration.To meet the needs of today and the demands of tomorrow, attention to education and training proves a necessity. Recent studies of the police role in society have clearly indicated that being an effective police officer involves at least: • an understanding of the moral, social, political and legal framework of our society. • an understanding of his community, its values, aspirations, difficulties, needs and resources. • • considerable personal strength, autonomy and self-understanding. • the ability to understand and empathize with others, and to communicate with them. • a deep commitment to the basic ideals of justice and freedom within our society. To this end, the philosophy of the B.C. Police College is to facilitate the development of a professional police service within the Province of British Columbia by providing educational and training programmes of the highest quality. The goal will be professional excellence; excellence in the efforts expended by the students engaged in the learning process; excellence in the efforts expended by the faculty in the instructional process; and excellence in the efforts expended by staff and administration engaged in support and leadership capacities. By creating an atmosphere of mutual trust and respect consistent with the public expectations for a professional police service, it is our belief that responsible, dedicated and self-disciplined constables, competent in skill and understanding, will be the contribution of the college. Changing times demand changing concepts, programmes, procedures and ideas. Unless we stay up-to-date, not only in equipment and training, but also in effectiveness - we legitimately deserve criticism. British Columbia Police Commission 7 The opening of the new Police College is a mile­ stone in the development of a professional polic­ ing service of which the citizens of this Province can be truly proud. The quality of a policing ser­ vice depends ultimately on the quality of the men and women who make up that service. Community and government support for policing have never been higher. If public expectations are to be met we must recruit and train to the highest possible standards. We have every confidence that the Col­ lege will meet this challenge. John Hogarth Chairman Rev. Robert Burrows Commissioner I would like to take this opportunity to express the heartfelt appreciation of the Commission to those who participated so enthusiastically in developing the concept, designing the curriculum and in pre­ paring course materials. To the Training Task Force headed by Inspector Bob Stewart, to the members of the first faculty, to our consultants and advisers, and particularly to the working pol­ ice constables and officers whose advice and encouragement were so freely given, may I ex­ press our thanks. John Hogarth Inspector Robert Stewart Vancouver Police Dept. Executive Officer Inspector Robert Heywood RCM.P. Director of Planning and Development College Administration and Staff Gerald B. Kilcup Director David Athans Coordinator of Programs 8 Gerry E. Austin Coordinator of Field Training James I. Murray Administrator Shirley A. Quee Executive Secretary 9 College Faculty COLLECTIVE HISTORY AND EXPERIENCE All faculty are serving police officers, representing 6 municipal departments and the R.C.M.P. The average age of the staff is 36 years and average number of years of police service is 12 years. The staff hold ranks of Constable to Staff Sergeant. There are a number with academic backgrounds, including university and college degrees, and certificates in Business Administration, Police Administration, Criminology, and Criminal Law. Many faculty are currently enrolled in college and university diploma and degree programmes. Bryan Bailey Victoria P.O. Gordon Corson Vancouver P.O. David Harvey Vancouver P.O. Patrick Holliday Vancouver P.O. Peter Martin Central Saanich P.O. William Milton Vancouver P.O. The collective experience of the college faculty includes: • 200 years police service in the forces of Canada, the United Kingdom, Rhodesia. • 84 years military experience in the Regular and Reserve forces. • 50 years training experience in police and military service. • 3 Commissioned Officers and two Master Warrant Officers in the Canadian Reserve Forces. Specialized police duties in the areas: • 4 qualified BT A operators • 4 qualified radar operators • 4 qualified Defensive Driving Instructors • 4 qualified Emergency Driving Instructors • 3 qualified Dogmasters • 2 qualified special weapons officers. ' 10 Roy Findlay Vancouver P.O. Stephen Foster Vancouver P.O. John Gemmell Vancouver P.O. Robert Harling Vancouver P.O. Robert Hunter RCMP, Burnaby Henry Indra West Vancouver P.O. Karen M . Lea Vancouver P.O. John Lucas New Westminster PD. Gerald Parker Port Moody P.O. Gilbert Skuce RCMP, Burnaby Det. I Don Dutton Assoc Professor Barbara Herrick McGuire Psychology, UBC Asst Professor School of Nursing, UBC Special Consultants in Human Relations General Recruit Training Programme To meet the increasing demand for a highly trained, general duty peace officer, competent in enforcing the law, and serving the every-day needs of the community, we have created an intensive training programme. While fully developing an expertise in the traditional skills, the college will develop equal expertise in human relations and conflict resolution. The new system of basic training for municipal officers in British Columbia has established a three year period of preparation to give recruits eligibility for first-class status. A new approach is underway to ensure a modern basic programme which incorporates a balanced mix of police skill training, academic education and practical field experience. The mix has been determined in such a way as to allow the recruit to operate successfully at his level of work exposure. The first block of training, ten weeks, takes place inside the college. This first level course will place heavy emphasis on police skills with an introduction to social sciences as they relate to police work. The intent of the first block is to develop a relevant base for the primary period of field exposure which follows. Wherever possible, the classroom lecture format will be down-played in favour of action-oriented participation that includes seminars and carefully constructed simulation models that approximate modern policing activity. At the point of entrance to the college, a personal training file is begun and continually upgraded throughout the constables police career. This is a record of the recruit's training accomplishments and helps determine the investment in and the direction that future training should take. 11 It is expected that at all times, all persons will govern their own behavior and deportment in a manner consistent with the objectives of the college and the profession. College discipline procedures are found in the College Standards of Performance. Progress will be monitored closely: evaluation will be continuous. In the second block of training, the recruit constable is employed in the field for fourteen weeks. During this field training period, the recruit will work under the guidance and continuous assistance of a seasoned, specially trained first class constable. This person will be responsible for seeing that the recruit receives a wide exposure to general police work. The recruit will have the opportunity of applying the knowledge gained in Block I within an operational police setting. In Block 111, the constable returns to the college, bringing experience from the "street scene", which in turn will keep the teaching process current and continuous. Block Ill lasts 10 weeks. The recruits will be upgraded in general police skills with a concentration on the social dimensions of police work. Returning again to the field, ninety weeks are spent with the home department. Recruits will now perform all general patrol duties under minimal supervision. The personal training assessment file is maintained and as the standards of achievement are met, recruits will be eligible for promotion to the next grade. 12 In the last block of ten weeks, Block IV, the recruit constable receives an advance level of police skill training. The recruit is now introduced to management concepts, leadership training and social sciences education related to police-. work and expanded community policing techniques. Upon successful completion of Block IV, the recruit constable will graduate from the college and will be eligible for promotion to a "First Class Constable in the Province of British Columbia". Three Year Projection - Recruit Schedule 1975 Class I Class II Class Ill Class IV Class V Class VI 1976 1977 Block I 17 March 30 May Block II 2 June 29 August Block Ill 9 September 14 November 1978 Block IV 1 December 15 February Block I 16 June 28 August Block II 25 August 30 November Block Ill 21 December 13 February Block IV 1 March May 15 Block I 1 March 7 May Block II 10 May 13 August Block Ill 16 August 22 October 1st Class Constable 1st Class Constable Block IV field training Block I 24 May 30 July Block II 2 August 5 November Block Ill 8 November 14 January Block I Block II Block Ill Block I Block II Block Ill Block IV field training Block IV field training Block IV field training Curriculum: Police Patrol Tactics and Techniques 13 14 Patrol and Investigation - In Police Patrol Tactics and Techniques, recruits will be presented with the basic methods and procedures for performing everyday patrol and investigative duties. Although recruit constables are introduced to such special investigations as homicide and narcotics, emphasis is placed on the basic skills required to carry out police duties in a safe, effective manner. The Physical Training Programme is designed to bring the recruit to a level of coordination and general conditioning which will allow him to function effectively and safely as a police officer. The weaponless defense programme was developed by faculty in co-operation with a martial arts master. It combines self-defense skills for police with a specialized conditioning programme. Drill and Deportment will be concerned with standards of dress and appearance, the instilling of self-discipline, and espirit-de-corps. Recruits are taught to move and respond as a cohesive group. The knowledge and skills of Firearms Training are taught in the context of safety, under the close supervision of the instructor. The recruits will be introduced to two types of firearms - the Service Revolver and the Police Shot-gun. The Driver Training Programme conducts recruits in the operation of a police vehicle under normal and emergency conditions. High speed pursuit, foul weather driving and defensive driving are aspects of the expertise given recruits in the handling of emergency vehicles. Emergency Care skills are learned and practised in simulated situations which stress the necessity of quick, effective action. Injuries that police are likely to encounter are the focus, within the framework of the St. John's Ambulance Course materials. 15 COURSE CONTENTS Block I Patrol and Investigation INTRODUCTION Introduction to Patrol Police Radio Communications Police Information Resources Police Notetaking Police Information Systems GENERAL PATROL General Patrol Tactics and Techniques Observation and Memory Written Case Preparation Handling Minor Complaints on the Beat Contracting Suspicious Persons on the Beat Searching Suspects Suspicious Vehicles - Stop and Search Transporting Prisoners Responding to Radio Calls INVESTIGATIONS Introduction to Science in Police Investigations Crime Scene to Court Room Sudden Death Investigations Narcotics Investigations Burglary Investigations The Police Officer in Court Hours 1 2 3 6 hours 2 Firearms Training 3 1 6 1 PART I Recruit's Introduction to Firearms Training 15 Minutes Safety with Firearms 30 Minutes Introduction to the Service Revolver and Police Shot-Gun 15 Minutes Characteristics and Basic Mechanical Operation of the Service Revolver and Police Shot-gun 30 Minutes Proper Care and Cleaning of the Service Revolver and Police Shot-gun 30 Minutes Safe Handing of the Service Revolver and Police Shot-gun 1 Hour 2 1 5 1 3 1 2 2 3 INPUT REQUIREMENT TO OTHER AREAS Arrest Procedure (Law) Obtaining Descriptions from Witness (H.R.) Hours Taking of Statements (Law) as Dealing with Juvenile Offenders (H.R.) required Rape and Sex Offence Investigations (H.R./Law) 39 hours plus Physical Training Introduction to Programme Testing Circuit Training Weaponless Defence Weight Training Job-Related Skills Course Debriefing Drill and Deportment Introduction Drill at the Halt Drill on the March 1 6 6 16 6 4 1 40 hours PART II Explanation - the Modified PP C. Range Safety - Orders and Drills Scoring the Modified P.P.C. Holding and Aiming - Revolver Combat Body Positions - Revolver Combat Loading and Unloading the Revolver Firing the Modified P.P.C. Hours 10 Minutes 20 Minutes 5 Minutes 20 Minutes 20 Minutes 30 Minutes 7 Hours PART Ill Safe Handling - Police Shot-gun/Police Car 1 Hour Shot Patterns - 12 Ga. SSG and "0:0" Buck 20 Minutes The 10 Round Course of Fire - Block I Shot-gun Training 1 Hr. 40 Minutes 15 Hours 16 Driver Training PART I Defensive Driving Course Hours PART II Pre-Patrol Vehicle and Equipment Checks PART Ill Driving Procedures Correct Body Positions Acceleration and Braking Backing Procedures Speed and Its Consequences Proper Use of Vehicle Power PART IV Operating Conditions Vehicle Stabilizing Procedures Off Road Recovery Foul Weather Driving Vehicle Pursuit Procedures 32 Hours Emergency Care Principles of First Aid Conscious and Unconscious Casualty Treatment of Priorities Action after Treatment Asphyxia and Artificial Respiration The Unconscious Casualty Hemorrhage Control Shock Simulation 10 Hours 17 Legal Studies Legal Studies is designed to equip the recruit with the basic legal skills necessary for dealing with the great variety of situations which he will encounter when he leaves the college for field instruction. The course, operating on a practical basis, will involve the study of: • the evolution of the law • the duties and responsibilities of a police officer • elements of crime • matters affecting criminal responsibility • rules of evidence • laws of arrest and search • the use of force • court jurisdictions and procedures. Training and education which are directly address­ ed to issues of judgement, prepare each officer to exercise the power of judgement wisely. COURSE CONTENTS INTRODUCTION TO LAW The Evolution and Need for Law Criminal Law in Canada Duties and Responsibility of a Police Officer ELEMENTS OF CRIME/CRIMINAL LIABILITY The Criminal Code and its Interpretation Actus Reus and Mens Rea Matters Affecting Criminal Responsibility Proof and Presumptions Parties and Accessories Attempts, Conspiracies, and Counselling Review Examination EVIDENCE Rules of Evidence Statements - Admissions - Confessions Practical Application Competancy and Compellability of Witnesses Review of Evidence Examination ARREST/SEARCH Laws of Arrest Limitations of Powers of Arrest Protection in Law Enforcement (Use of Force) Search and Seizure Practical Application Review of Arrest and Search Examination COURT PROCESS Compelling the Appearance of the Accused and/or Witness in Court Structure and Jurisdiction of the Criminal Courts Procedure in Summary Conviction Court Role of Prosecutor and Defence Counsel Review of Court Process Practical Application (Mock Trial) SELECTED STATUTES AND BLOCK I EVALUATION Federal and Provincial Statutes Block I Review Final Exam and Course Evaluation 18 Traffic Studies 19 20 ., The Traffic Studies programme is concerned with giving the recruit a basic knowledge of the various aspects of Traffic Law investigation and enforcement. It covers driver demerit point system, traffic control, accident investigation, court procedures and drinking drivers. COURSE CONTENTS Hours Block I Step I M.V. Act and Regulations M.V. Act Offences and Dermit Point System Violator Contact Traffic Control Powers of Arrest Motor Vehicle Insurance Directed Studies 7 Hours Step II Accident Investigation Accident Report Forms Directed Studies 5 Hours Step Ill Sec. 203 M.V. Act - Impaired Drivers Impaired Driver Arrested after Motor Vehicle Accident Court Appearance Directed Studies 8 Hours Social Sciences Responding to the increasing complexity of society, the curriculum at the B.C. Police College uses contemporary educational techniques to develop police skills in interpersonal communication and conflict management. The programme will develop an awareness of the stresses and personal demands placed upon the police in their performance of duties. The recruit develops skills in crisis intervention by participating in and practising techniques of conflict management with videotape aides. The emphasis will be on mediation, referral skills, interviewing, and safety procedure. Recruits are educated in the philosophy and operation of the Criminal Justice System of the country. They are encouraged to develop their abilities to meet responsibilities objectively, with empathy and discretion. Theories of Criminality, given in conjunction with Douglas College, describes several levels or types of theory concerning the causes of ciminality sociological, psychological, biological. Consideration will be given to issues involving poverty, mental health, and free will. Emphasis will be upon relating this material to police work. COURSE CONTENTS Block I Introduction to Human Relations Job Effects on the Police Contact and Communication Introduction to the Criminal Justice System Theories of Criminaltiy Hours 2 6 12 3 20 41 Block Ill Conflict Management Crowd Control 40 6 Block IV Minority Groups Police. Youth and Social Services 10 40 21 22 Field Instructors' Programme 23 The Field Instructor, in conjunction with his supervisor, departmental training officer and the Coordinator of Field Training, will guide and evaluate the performance and behavior of the recruit constable in his field work phase of training, Block II. The guidance will be given primarily on a one-toone basis. An intensive period of 1O days training at the B.C. Police College will prepare the Field Officers for this guiding role. The development of leadership qualities, a refresher/ review of general police operation, and methods of teaching and evaluation are covered in classroom teachings and seminars. COURSE CONTENTS Field Instructor Orientation (To Program) Communication Patrol Tactics and Techniques Police (Operational Backup) Resources: General Police (Operational Backup) Resources: Canadian Police Information Centre (C.PJC.) Legal Studies Investigation Techniques: General Investigation Techniques: Interviewing Investigation Techniques: Drug Law Enforcement Investigation Techniques: Arson Investigation Techniques: Improvised Explosive Devices (I.ED.) Recognition Firearm.; Driver Training Traffic Studies Conflict Management Case Method of Study Role of the Police Leadership Management Functions Planning Orientation Community Resources Instruction Counselling Evaluation Program Evaluation (By Field Instructors) Hours 1 5 2 3 4 3 3 2 3.5 .5 3 2 2 6 1 3 1.5 1.5 1 1 3 3 1.5 1.5 60 Hours 24 Advanced Training The Advanced Training programme will refresh and upgrade the general skills of serving police officers. Study is made of investigative skills, patrolling techniques, and ongoing changes in the law. The social sciences are studied as relative to policing needs. Investigation Investigation is intended for the police officer who is, or will be performing an investigative or detective role in his department. Emphasis will be upon developing a specialized level of investigative skills. Supervisory Training The supervisors' programme will develop leadership skills for those who are, or will be serving in a first line supervisory role. Executive Development The latest techniques of middle and senior management are presented and discussed in seminar form. Community Programmes Responding to the need for community education, the college will involve the public in courses on crime prevention, and policing as an integral part of community services. 25 26 General Information Temporary Facilities The B.C. Police College will locate in temporary facilities at the Seaforth Armory, Vancouver, for the next two to five years. Portable units will house the classrooms and offices on Seaforth prop­ erty and gymnasium facilities will be in the Armories; swimming facilities will be at the Van­ couver Aquatic Society; the firearms range facil­ ities will be at the Coast Marksman Club on Bur­ nett Highway in Burnaby; driving facilities will be at the professional driver centre at Boundary Bay. The above will accommodate all training needs for the next two to five years. Libraries Library resources available to the students are: • B.C. Police College • Provincial Community Colleges • Simon Fraser University • University of British Columbia • University of Victoria • Vancouver City Public Library Accommodations Lodging will be provided for all students coming from outside the lower mainland, while enrolled in college programmes. Other Training Resources The training resources of the RCM P and the muni­ cipal departments will be available to the college. Admission and Recruiting Procedures The B.C. Police College is co-educational. How­ ever, all persons entering the police training pro­ grammes at the college must be members of an operational police department. This will involve meeting the admission requirements of the various departments. Any citizen of the province consider­ ing a career in the police service should contact his local department or RCMP detachment. 27 The B.C. municipal chief constables are as follows: D.L. Winterton, M.W. Smith, Vancouver P.O. Delta P.O. J.F. Gregory, W.J. Green, Victoria P.O. Oak Bay P.O. R.A. Peterson, R.L. Miles, Saanich P.O. Central Saanich P.O. L.A. McCabe, R.C. Smith Port Moody P.O. Matsqui P.O. R.C. Keary, J.J. Hornell, New Westminster P.O. West Vancouver P.O. A. Burton, G. McPhail Esquimalt P.O. Nelson P.O. Career Development Programmes Academic credits will be earned by recruits and will be transferable to community colleges and university programmes. Encouragement and co­ operation will be given to those wishing to plan their careers, and those interested in up-grading and in continuing within educational programmes. 28 29 30 "There can be no adequate technical training which is not liberal and no liberal education which is not technical: that is, no education which does not impart both technique and intellectual vision." Alfred N. Whitehead, "The Aims of Education" Research and Development: Mary Jane Green Design: Ullrich Schade Photography: Tamio Wakayama